CLICK FLOODING
This type of mobile fraud involves partners sending a substantial volume of clicks from authentic devices, aiming to claim the last-click attribution before an installation takes place. By doing so, they attempt to take credit for organic users as well.

CLICK SPAM
Click fraud is a deceptive practice where a fraudster generates clicks in the background of genuine user engagement within an app, often without the user’s knowledge. This can happen when an app runs in the background or concurrently while the user is actively using the app.

BOTS
Bots are rapidly proliferating and represent one of the most prevalent forms of fraud. These automated programs are designed to imitate human actions, such as app installations and engagement activities after installation. Their prevalence is a growing concern in the industry.

FORM STUFFING
Fraudsters take advantage of consumers who partially fill out offer forms. They use this information to simulate user interest by submitting additional forms, leading to credit for the signups while consumers receive unwanted communications without completing the forms.

FALSIFYING USER DATA
Fraudsters seeking CPA conversions employ tactics to deceive marketers. They manipulate their IP addresses and other identifying information found in User Agent Strings to mask the fact that these conversions are illegitimate. These individuals then provide false consumer information when completing the call to action, hoping to avoid detection by the marketer.

CLICK INJECTION
This is a sophisticated type of click fraud specific to Android devices, involves the use of malware by fraudsters to illicitly acquire installs. This malware is concealed within an app downloaded from the app store. Once installed, the malware generates a click to fraudulently claim credit for the install.

SDK SPOOFING
SDK spoofing refers to a type of fraud perpetrated by bots, typically in the form of concealed malware within an app. The fraudster manipulates the click, install, or engagement process to wrongfully claim attribution from the app containing the hidden malware.